My impression from being a geology major at Caltech in the 1990s, plus further reading, was that plate tectonics was adopted quite quickly. It's a good case of how a "paradigm shifted" *without* people dying off. People resisted the old evidence of continental drift, for lack of a mechanism, then seafloor spreading data came in, and they went and looked harder for a mechanism. (That's probably simplifying work that had been going on in parallel.)

The accelerating universe went from not even being a candidate idea to accepted pretty quickly, with two teams reporting the supporting observations.

I have the impression that quantum mechanics was adopted pretty fast as well, apart from Einstein, but then all the names you hear with it are young, so I dunno.